Oxidoreductases

Acting on hydrogen as donors

Hydrogenase-2 operon protein HybA (hybA )

function					periplasmic electron-transferring activity of hydrogenase 2
interaction					HybCO
cofactors					Binds 4 4Fe-4S clusters
regulation
MW					36003 Da; 328 aa

Hydrogenase-2 large chain (hybC )

function					NiFe hydrogenase, H2 + A = AH 2
interaction					HybAO
cofactors					Binds 1 nickel ion per subunit
regulation
MW					62360 Da; 566 aa

Hydrogenase-2 small chain HybO (hybO )

function					NiFe hydrogenase Membrane-bound hydrogenase 2 small subunit
interaction					HybAC
cofactors					Binds two 4Fe-4S clusters and one 3Fe-4S cluster
regulation
MW					39652 Da; 372 aa

Acting on the CH-NH₂ Group of Donors With Oxygen as Acceptor

Copper amine oxidase precursor (maoA )

function					initial steps of 2-phenylethylamine catabolism Catalytic activity: 2-Phenylethylamine + H2O + O2 = Phenylacetaldehyde + NH3 + H2O2
interaction
cofactors					copper and topaquinon
regulation
structure					dimer PDB
MW					84378 Da; 757 aa

Oxidoreductase Acting on NADH or NADPH with a Nitrogenous Group as Acceptor

Trimethylamine-N-oxide reductase precursor (torA )

function					reduces trimethylamine-n-oxide into trimethylamine, an anaerobic reaction coupled to energy yielding reaction Catalytic activity: NADH + Trimethylamine-N-Oxide = NAD+ + Trimethylamine + H2O
interaction
cofactors					molybdopterin
regulation
structure
MW					94456 Da; 848 aa

Oxidoreductase Acting on Other Nitrogenous Compounds

Nitrate reductase precursor (napA )

function					a role in anaerobic growth with limiting concentrations of nitrate, large subunit of the periplasmic nitrate reductase (NAP) Catalytic activity: nitrite + acceptor = nitrate + reduced acceptor
interaction
cofactors					molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide (MGD)
regulation					expressed during anaerobic growth (via FNR), further induction by low concentrations of nitrate (via NarP)
MW					93042 Da; 828 aa

Oxidoreductase Acting on acting on various sulfoxide and N-oxide compounds

Putative dimethyl sulfoxide reductase chain YnfE (ynfE )

function					DMSO reductase
interaction					with YfnF and YfnG
cofactors					Molybdenum (molybdopterin); may bind a 4Fe-4S cluster
regulation
MW					89780 Da; 808 aa

Putative dimethyl sulfoxide reductase chain YnfF (ynfF )

function					DMSO reductase
interaction					with YfnE and YfnG
cofactors					Molybdenum (molybdopterin); may bind a 4Fe-4S cluster
regulation
MW					89987 Da; 807 aa

Oxidoreductase Acting on a Peroxide as Acceptor

Thiol peroxidase precursor (tpx )

function					antioxidant, removing peroxides or H2O2
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					17704 Da; 167 aa

Oxidoreductase Acting on Superoxide Radicals as Acceptor

Superoxide dismutase precursor (sodC )

function					destroys radicals Catalytic activity: 2 Peroxide radical + 2 H+ = O2 + H2O2
interaction
cofactors
regulation
structure					monomer PDB
MW					17681 Da; 173 aa

Multicopper Oxidase

Probable 53.4 kD blue copper oxidase precursor CueO (yacK )

function					Multicopper oxidase
interaction
cofactors					3 Cu
regulation					via CueR at elevated leveles of Cu
structure					dimer PDB
MW					56556 Da; 516 aa

Transferases
 Aminoacyltransferase

Aminoacyltransferase precursor (ggt )

function					role in glutathion degradation & synthesis,(g-Glutamyl cycle) Catalytic activity: (5-L-glutamyl)-peptide + an amino acid = peptide + 5-L-glutamyl-amino acid
interaction
cofactors
regulation
					consists of two polypeptide chains, which are synthesised from a single polypeptide
MW					61768 Da, 580 aa

Hydrolases

 Acting on Ester Bonds:

Acyl-CoA thioesterase I precursor (tesA )

function					hydrolyzes only long chain (C12-C18) acyl thioesters Catalytic activity: 2-lysophosphatidiylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a fatty acid anion
interaction
cofactors
regulation
					monomer
MW					23622 Da; 516 aa

2',3'-Cyclic-nucleotide 2'-phosphodiesterase precursor (cpdB )

function					bifunctional, catalyzes two consecutive reactions converting 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide to 3'-nucleotide and then 3'-nucleotide to nucleic acid and phosphate
interaction
cofactors
regulation
structure					monomer PDB
MW					70832 Da; 647 aa

Endonuclease I (endA )

function					Endonucleolytic cleavage to 5'-phosphodinucleotide and 5'-phosphooligonucleotides
interaction
regulation
					3d-structure
MW					26709 Da; 2351 aa

Glycerophosphoryl diester posphodiesterase precursor (glpQ )

function					multigene fam., hydrolyzes deacylated phospholiopids Catalytic activity: a glycerophosphodiester + H2O = an alcohol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
interaction
cofactors
regulation					GlpT, glycerol-3-phosphate inducible
MW					40843 Da; 358 aa

Ribonuclease Iprecursor (rna )

function					Cleaves the phosphodiester bond between any two nucleotides. Preference for cytidylic or guanylic acid.
interaction					two isoforms encoded by same gene
cofactors
regulation
					four disulfide bonds
MW					29617 Da; 268 aa

UDP-sugar hydrolase precursor (ushA )

function					multifunctional: hydrolase, 5'-Nucleotidase Catalytic activity 1: UDP-sugar + H(2)O = UMP + sugar 1-phosphate. Catalytic activity 2: A 5'-ribonucleotide + H(2)O = A ribonucleoside + orthophosphate
interaction
cofactors					Binds two Zn2+; Co2+ for Nucleotidase
regulation					inhibition by an intracellular protein inhibitor
structure					monomer PDB
MW					60824 Da; 550 aa

Phosphatases

pH 2.5 acid phosphatase precursor (appA )

function					Catalytic activity: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + orthophosphate
interaction
cofactors
regulation					cAMP regulated, induced when reaching stationary phase, synthesis triggered by phosphate starvation or shift from aerobic to anaerobic condit.
					monomer PDB
MW					47056 Da; 432 aa

Glucose-1-phosphatase precursor (agp )

function					required for growth in high phosphate with G-1-P as sole carbon source Catalytic activity: D-glucose 1-phosphate + H2O = D-GLUCOSE + orthophosphate
interaction
cofactors
regulation					independent from inorganic phosphate availability, catabolite repression, positively by cAMP/CRP,
					dimer PDB
MW					45683 Da; 413 aa

Class B acid phosphatase precursor (aphA )

function					Broad spectrum dephosphorylating enzyme
interaction
cofactors
regulation					Activated by Mg2+ and ethanol; inhibited by EDTA, nucleosides, inorganic phosphate and Ca2+
					homotetramer
MW					26103 Da; 237 aa

Alkaline phosphatase precursor (phoA )

function					Broad spectrum dephosphorylating enzyme Extensively used as a reporter enzyme and in gene fusion experiments
interaction
cofactors					metalloenzyme containing two zinc atoms and a magnesium ion
regulation					induced by low phosphate
structure					three isoforms dimer PDB
MW					49438 Da; 471 aa

Sulfatases

Putative sulfatase YdeN (ydeN )

function					belongs to the sulfatase family
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					62802 Da; 560 aa

Glucosidases

Alpha-amylase precursor (malS )

function					Alpha-amylase; degradation of maltooligosaccharides with a preference for chain length longer than 6 glucose units
interaction
cofactors
regulation					MalT (maltose regulon)
					monomer 2 disulfide bonds
MW					75712 Da; 676 aa

Beta-glucosidase precursor (bglX )

function					hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D glucose residues
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					83460 Da; 765 aa

Probable bifunctional chitinase/lysozyme precursor (chiA )

function					hydrolysis of [[beta]]-1,4 glucosidic linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine and/or chitin degradation
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					97057 Da; 897 aa

Lytic murein transglycosylase precursor (slt )

function					Murein-degrading, may play role in recaycling muropeptides during cell elongation and/or cell division
interaction					energy conserving reaction
cofactors
regulation
					PDB
MW					73369 Da; 645 aa

Trehalase precursor (treA )

function					alpha- 1,1 glycosidic bond, to use trehalose as osmoprotectant
interaction
cofactors
regulation					slightly induced by high osmolarity and stationary phase
MW					63636 Da; 565 aa

Hydrolases Aminohydrolases

Putative L-asparaginase AsgX (ybiK )

function					L-asparagine + H 2O = L-aspartate + NH 3
interaction
regulation
structure					PDB
MW					33394 Da; 321 aa

Hydrolases Acting on Peptide Bonds

Murein Endopeptidases (Cell Wall Synthesis):

Penicillin-Binding Protein 4 precursor (dacB )

function					final stages in peptidoglycan synthesis
interaction					penicillin sensitive
cofactors
regulation
MW					51798 Da; 477 aa

Penicillin-binding protein 5 precursor (dacA )

function					D-alanine carboxypeptidase Removes C-terminal d-ala residues from sugar-peptide cell wall precursors Belongs to Ser protease family S11
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					44444 Da; 403 aa

Penicillin-binding protein 6 precursor (dacC )

function					D-alanine carboxypeptidase Removes C-terminal d-ala residues from sugar-peptide cell wall precursors Belongs to Ser protease family S11
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					43609 Da; 400 aa

Penicillin-binding protein 7 precursor (pbpG )

function					cell wall formation
interaction					penicillin sensitieve
cofactors
regulation
MW					34245 Da; 313 aa

Penicillin-insensitive murein endopeptidase precursor (mepA )

function					murein removal from the sacculus, may faciliate integration of nascent murein strands into sacculus
interaction					penicillin insensitive
cofactors
regulation
MW					30136 Da; 274 aa

Proteases

Metalloproteases

Alkaline phosphatase isozyme conversion protein IAP (iap or b2753 )

Peptidase family					M28C
Function
Structure
MW					37920 Da 345 aa (1-24 signal pept.)

ProteaseIII precursor (ptr )

function					May prefer small substrates
interaction
cofactors					requires divalent cations, binds Zn2+
regulation
					monomer
MW					107708 Da; 962 aa

Hypothetical protein YebA (yebA )

Peptidase family					M37 InterPro
Function
Structure
MW					49057 Da 440 aa (1-34 signal pept.)

55.5 kD protein in kdgK-dctA intergenic region precursor (yhjJ )

function					metalloprotease
interaction
cofactors					binds zinc?
regulation
					has lost the active site residues
MW					55527 Da; 498 aa

Serine Proteases

Protease DegP (Do) precursor (htrA )

function					required at high temp., degradation of damaged prot., chaperone activity at low temperature, shared specificity with DegQ
interaction
cofactors
regulation					induction by heat shock
structure					hexamer PDB
MW					49439 Da; 474 aa

Protease DegQ precursor (hhoA )

function

shared specificity with HtrA/DegP

interaction

cofactors

regulation

MW

47205 Da; 455 aa

Tail specific protease precursor (prc )

function					selectively degrades proteins with nonpolar C- terminus (that arises for example from the action of 10sRNA), PBP3 maturation
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					76663 Da; 682 aa

UmuD (umuD )

Peptidase family					S24 InterPro
Function
Structure
MW					15063 Da 139 aa (1-24 signal pept.)

Hydrolase Acting on Carbon-Nitrogen Bonds, Others Than Above

Penicillin acylase precursor (ampC )

function					penicillin resistance Catalytic activity: beta-lactam + H2O = a substituted beta-amino acid the N4-C7 bond of the lactam ring is cleaved
interaction
cofactors
regulation
structure					monomer PDB
MW					41555 Da; 377 aa

Penicillin-binding protein AmpH (ampH )

function					Binds penicillin & belongs to the beta-lactamase family
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					41849 Da; 385 aa

L-asparaginase II precursor (ansB )

function					aspartate synthesis Catalytic activity: L-asparagine + H2O = L-aspartate + NH3
interaction
cofactors
regulation					induction by cAMP and anaerobiosis
structure					tetramer PDB
MW					36850 Da, 348 aa

Penicillin acylase precursor (pac )

function					penicillin resistance Catalytic activity: penicillin + H2O = a fatty acid anion + 6-aminopenicillanate
interaction
cofactors
regulation
					dimer PDB
MW					94642 Da; 846 aa

Probable N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase YbjR (ybjR )

function					Hydrolyzes the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell-wall glycopeptides
interaction
regulation
MW					31072 Da; 276 aa

Carboxy Lyase

Biosynthetic arginine decarboxylase precursor (ADC) (speA )

function					biosynthetic and biodegradative form, first step in the spermidine synthesis from arginine, the biodegradive form may ply a role in regulating pH by consuming proteins
interaction
cofactors					pyridoxal phosphate and Mg2+
regulation					induction: growth in acidic enriched medium containing arginine (biodegr.), growth in MMA at neitral pH (biosynth.), repression of speA and feedback inhibition of ADC by putrescine and spermidine,
					homotetramer
MW					73983 Da; 658 aa

Isomerases

Proline Cis-Trans-Isomerases (Folding Catalysts)

Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A precursor (ppiA )

function					accelerate the folding of proteins
interaction
cofactors
regulation					inhibition by cyclosporin A
structure					monomer PDB
MW					20431 Da; 190 aa

FkbP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FkpA precursor (fkpA )

function					folding of extracytoplasmic proteins
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					28882 Da; 270 aa

Survival protein SurA precursor (surA )

function					folding of extracytoplasmic proteins, essential in stationary phase
interaction
cofactors
regulation
structure					PDB
MW					47283 Da; 428 aa

Mutarotases

Mutarotase (galM )

function					Aldose 1-epimerase, converts alpha-aldose to the beta-anomer. Acts on D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-galactose, maltose and lactose.
interaction
regulation
MW					38190 Da; 346 aa

Disulfide Bond Formation(Folding Catalysts)

Thiol:disulfide interchange protein DsbA precursor (dsbA )

function					disulfide bond formation in e.g. PhoA, OmpA, pilus biogenesis
interaction					reoxidised by DsbB
cofactors
regulation
structure					PDB
MW					23104 Da; 208 aa

Thiol:disulfide interchange Protein DsbC precursor (dsbC )

function					disulfide bond formation, also acts as disulfide isomerase
interaction					reoxidised by DsbD
cofactors
regulation
structure					dimer PDB
MW					25622 Da; 236 aa

Thiol:disulfide interchange protein DsbE precursor (ccmG )

function					disulfide bond formation, also acts as disulfide oxidoreductase in cytochrome c biogenensis
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					20809 Da; 185 aa

Thiol:disulfide interchange protein DsbG precursor (dsbG )

function					involved in disulfide bond formation
interaction
cofactors
regulation
MW					27495 Da; 248 aa